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General overview of grades

This ladder is not yet attributed to a specific organisation. Federations differ in belt colours and time requirements.

The ranking system in Shotokan Karate, introduced by Gichin Funakoshi following Judo's model, divides training into Kyu student ranks (10th to 1st Kyu) and Dan master ranks (1st to 10th Dan). Each belt color symbolizes progressive physical and mental development—from the pure openness of the white belt through technical refinement to the self-control and spiritual maturity of the black belt.

10th Kyu – White Belt

十級Rank #1
Typical gap since previous grade: 3 monthsestimate
Requirements & Focus

Entry rank for absolute beginners in Shotokan Karate.

Symbolism & Meaning

White color symbolizes purity, innocence, and an unwritten page at the start of the dojo journey.

9th Kyu – Yellow Belt

九級Rank #2
Typical gap since previous grade: 3 monthsestimate
Requirements & Focus

First advanced student level after mastering basic Zenkutsu Dachi stances.

Symbolism & Meaning

Yellow symbolizes the first rays of the sun giving strength to a growing seed.

8th Kyu – Orange Belt

八級Rank #3
Typical gap since previous grade: 4 monthsestimate
Requirements & Focus

Rank demonstrating stable basic techniques and first Shotokan kata (Heian Shodan).

Symbolism & Meaning

Orange represents strengthening sunlight and a growing plant.

7th Kyu – Green Belt

七級Rank #4
Typical gap since previous grade: 5 monthsestimate
Requirements & Focus

Intermediate student rank emphasizing kicks (Geri) and movement dynamics.

Symbolism & Meaning

Green symbolizes a growing shoot extending its branches and leaves.

6th Kyu – Blue Belt

六級Rank #5
Typical gap since previous grade: 6 monthsestimate
Requirements & Focus

Advanced student rank focusing on fluidity and controlled sparring (Gohon Kumite).

Symbolism & Meaning

Blue symbolizes the sky toward which the plant reaches higher and stronger.

5th Kyu – Purple Belt

五級Rank #6
Typical gap since previous grade: 6 monthsestimate
Requirements & Focus

Transition rank toward senior belts. Practice of kata Heian Yondan.

Symbolism & Meaning

Purple represents maturation of the practitioner and dawn of deeper technique.

4th Kyu – Purple Belt II

四級Rank #7
Typical gap since previous grade: 6 monthsestimate
Requirements & Focus

Senior level prior to brown belt. Mastery of Heian Godan kata.

Symbolism & Meaning

Deepening purple signifies stabilization of mind and grounding before brown belt.

3rd Kyu – Brown Belt

三級Rank #8
Typical gap since previous grade: 8 monthsestimate
Requirements & Focus

First senior student rank, mastering advanced kata Tekki Shodan.

Symbolism & Meaning

Brown symbolizes fertile earth and deep grounding in Shotokan fundamentals.

2nd Kyu – Brown Belt II

二級Rank #9
Typical gap since previous grade: 8 monthsestimate
Requirements & Focus

Penultimate student rank focusing on strategy and semi-free kumite (Jiyu Ippon Kumite).

Symbolism & Meaning

Preparation of soil for harvest and ripening of mindset before master ranks.

1st Kyu – Brown Belt I

一級Rank #10
Typical gap since previous grade: 12 monthsestimate
Requirements & Focus

Highest student rank. Full mastery of Jiyu Kumite and Bassai Dai kata.

Symbolism & Meaning

Fully matured soil ready to absorb darkness and mystery of the black belt.

1st Dan – Black Belt (Shodan)

初段Rank #11
Typical gap since previous grade: 12 monthsestimate
Requirements & Focus

First master rank (Shodan = beginner degree). Beginning of true warrior path.

Symbolism & Meaning

Black absorbs all previous colors, showing the student mastered basics and becomes a true seeker.

2nd Dan – Black Belt (Nidan)

二段Rank #12
Typical gap since previous grade: 24 monthsestimate
Requirements & Focus

Second master rank focusing on fluidity, smooth stance transitions and technique.

Symbolism & Meaning

Maturity in technique. Body and technique begin to work instinctively without overthinking.

3rd Dan – Black Belt (Sandan)

三段Rank #13
Typical gap since previous grade: 36 monthsestimate
Requirements & Focus

Third master rank. Attainment of physical perfection and beginning of teaching others (Sensei).

Symbolism & Meaning

Harmony of body and mind, ability to pass on the tradition and philosophy of Karate.

4th Dan – Black Belt (Yondan)

四段Rank #14
Typical gap since previous grade: 48 monthsestimate
Requirements & Focus

Fourth master rank emphasizing the spiritual aspect of combat (Budo) and Bunkai analysis.

Symbolism & Meaning

Deep inner calm, understanding of biomechanics and perfect mental alignment.

5th Dan – Black Belt (Godan)

五段Rank #15
Typical gap since previous grade: 60 monthsestimate
Requirements & Focus

Fifth master rank. Achievement of full personal maturity and technical independence.

Symbolism & Meaning

Attainment of high human and technical maturity, unwavering moral authority.

6th Dan – Red & White Belt (Rokudan)

六段Rank #16
Typical gap since previous grade: 72 monthsestimate
Requirements & Focus

Sixth master rank. Awarded for lifelong promotion and contribution to Karate.

Symbolism & Meaning

Interweaving of red (passion, power) and white (purity, beginner's mind).

7th Dan – Red & White Belt (Nanadan)

七段Rank #17
Typical gap since previous grade: 84 monthsestimate
Requirements & Focus

Seventh master rank. Scholar and researcher of Karate at the international level.

Symbolism & Meaning

Deep transformation of physical practice into spiritual understanding of life and Budo.

8th Dan – Red & White Belt (Hachidan)

八段Rank #18
Typical gap since previous grade: 96 monthsestimate
Requirements & Focus

Eighth master rank. Prestigious honorary title (teacher of teachers).

Symbolism & Meaning

Embodiment of wisdom and devotion, transcendence of the ego.

9th Dan – Red Belt (Kyudan)

九段Rank #19
Typical gap since previous grade: 120 monthsestimate
Requirements & Focus

Ninth master rank, rarely awarded to the most prominent living legends.

Symbolism & Meaning

Red symbolizes fiery devotion, lifelong sacrifice, and supreme wisdom.

10th Dan – Red Belt (Judan)

十段Rank #20
Typical gap since previous grade: 120 monthsestimate
Requirements & Focus

Highest achievable rank. Reserved for founders, patriarchs, and supreme masters of the organization.

Symbolism & Meaning

The circle completes. Red represents return to the initial fire in full enlightenment of the mind.